ai-eda
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AI驱动电子设计自动化:EDA工具架构分析、MCP桥接模式、PCB自动设计生态。
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The file
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AI EDA 技能集
概述
AI 驱动的电子设计自动化领域,核心范式是 "让 AI 操作 EDA" ,而非简单给出设计建议。主要有三种技术路径:
路径 1: EDA 内置脚本引擎(eda-agent 路线)
通过 EDA 自带的脚本接口操作 GUI:
- Altium → DelphiScript 轮询循环(10ms 响应)
- KiCad → IPC API Server(Preferences → Plugins → KiCad API server)
- EasyEDA Pro → 浏览器扩展反向连接
文件级 IPC(request_<id>.json → response_<id>.json),Python 层做智能编排。
代表项目: eda-agent (★141) — 400+ 工具,支持 Altium/KiCad/EasyEDA 三后端
路径 2: 官方 SDK/API + stdio MCP(kicad-mcp-bridge 路线)
直接使用 EDA 提供的原生 Python API,通过 MCP stdio 协议通信:
- KiCad 的
pcbnewPython 模块操作 PCB 对象 - 直接读写
.kicad_schsexpr 文件操作原理图 - 无需启动 EDA GUI,可离线运行
代表项目: kicad-mcp-bridge — 28 工具,轻量稳定
路径 3: Agent Skill(知识注入路线)
不给 EDA 操作权,而是给 AI 提供完整的电子设计知识库:
- 元件参数规则
- 布局布线经验
- DRC/DFM 检查清单
- SPICE 仿真配置
代表项目: kicad-happy (★964) — Claude Code/Codex 技能集
关键设计模式
泛型 Primitives(类 OOP 设计)
用四个通用方法覆盖几乎所有对象类型,避免为每种对象写专用工具:
obj_query— 查询对象obj_modify— 修改属性obj_create— 创建新对象obj_delete— 删除对象
参考 eda-agent 的 schema 设计。
批量操作压缩
把 N 次 LLM 交互压缩成 1 次 MCP 调用,典型加速 10-100x:
obj_batch_modify,pcb_move_components,pcb_place_tracks- 单次 IPC 往返处理几十条走线/元件
Design Plan 闭环
结构化工作流,从"工具集"升级到"智能体":
design_get_discipline → design_snapshot_inventory → design_validate_plan
→ design_execute_plan → design_audit_schematic → design_validate经典电路块模板
预定义标准子电路,一次调用自动实例化:
- 去耦电容组、电压分压器、RC 滤波器、晶振、PI 滤波、MOSFET 开关等
Datasheet-first 纪律
禁止 AI 编造数据手册参数,强制真实来源:
- 所有组件输出携带
_datasheet_guidance字段 - WebFetch/WebSearch 抓取厂商真值
- 安全护栏防幻觉
生态全景
| 项目 | ⭐ | 路线 | 特点 |
| eda-agent | 141 | EDA脚本 | 400+工具, Altium为主, SPICE仿真 |
| kicad-happy | 964 | Agent Skill | Claude Code技能, 知识注入 |
| pcb-designer-ai-agent | 109 | ML模型 | 自动布局/布线优化/信号完整性 |
| kicad-mcp-pro | 50 | MCP stdio | 自动化+审查+BOM |
| universal-netlist | 29 | 统一网表 | 跨 EDA 格式转换 |
详细分析见 references/eda-agent-analysis.md。
维护者笔记
- 本目录下的引用文件由后续会话持续更新
- 关注 Thinklab-SJTU/awesome-ai4eda (★214) 追踪学术前沿
- eda-agent 使用 Apache-2.0 许可,可借鉴其代码结构
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