backup-strategies
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备份策略:3-2-1原则、数据库备份、Git备份、自动化脚本.
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备份策略
3-2-1 原则
3 份副本
2 种不同介质(本地硬盘 + 云端)
1 份异地备份
例子:
- 本地:日常文件
- NAS:自动同步
- 云:加密后上传(异地)数据库备份
# PostgreSQL
pg_dump mydb > backup_$(date +%Y%m%d).sql
pg_dump -Fc mydb > backup.dump # 压缩格式
# MySQL
mysqldump -u user -p mydb > backup.sql
# SQLite(最简单)
cp database.db "backup_$(date +%Y%m%d).db"
sqlite3 database.db ".backup 'backup.db'"# 自动化备份脚本
import subprocess, datetime
from pathlib import Path
def backup_db():
today = datetime.date.today().isoformat()
backup_path = Path(f"backups/db_{today}.sql")
subprocess.run([
"pg_dump", "mydb",
"-f", str(backup_path)
], check=True)
# 保留最近7天
for old in sorted(Path("backups").glob("db_*.sql"))[:-7]:
old.unlink()Git 备份
Git 本身就是分布式备份!
但要注意:
- Git 不存大文件(视频/数据集)
- Git 不存密钥(.env 不提交)
- 定期 git push(等于云端备份)备份内容清单
必须备份:
□ 数据库
□ 代码(git push)
□ 配置文件(非密钥)
□ 用户上传的文件
□ Obsidian 知识库(你今天写的!)
不必备份:
✗ 依赖包(能重新装)
✗ 缓存/临时文件
✗ 构建产物恢复测试
备份的意义不是"备份了"
而是"能恢复"
每季度做一次恢复演练:
1. 从备份恢复数据库
2. 验证数据完整性
3. 记录恢复时间
没测过恢复的备份 = 没有备份你的环境
D:\Hermes\ → 最重要!代码+技能+知识库
→ 定期复制到移动硬盘(不同介质)
→ 加密上传云盘(异地)
→ Git push 到 GitHub(远程备份)Does it work?
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