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wedsamuel1230wedsamuel1230/embedded-engineering-skills/skills/memory-budgeting/SKILL.md

memory-budgeting

Skill28 starsChanged 29 days agoMITView on GitHub

Use when Arduino or embedded projects hit SRAM, flash, heap, stack, partition, JSON-buffer, or performance limits, or when reviewing String use, F() placement, OTA slots, FreeRTOS stacks, or memory margin.

2 other projects use a version of this.

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    Use the shared Arduino skill contract: state assumptions, required tools and versions, implementation steps, tests/evidence by proof stage, …

    line 56

≈ “Common” is an estimate: at least 1 in 5 of the 350,495 skill files we read have a rule of the same kind, not the same words. “Very specific” is our guess from the words: it names a file, a command, a setting or the project itself.

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Files
SKILL.md

Memory Budgeting

Make memory a measured budget, not a nominal board label. The implementation is embedded C/C++; scripts may parse build or runtime logs when that is the useful deterministic tool.

Intake

Record exact board/module, flash/RAM/EEPROM/PSRAM, bootloader and partition layout, framework, compiler flags, libraries, static buffers, task stacks, filesystem/OTA needs, peak protocol sizes, and available measurement output.

Process

  1. Separate static data, code/flash, heap, task stacks, interrupt state, filesystem, bootloader, and OTA/update slots.
  2. Establish a numeric budget and minimum margin for every category. Use board references rather than copying a family-level number into a project claim.
  3. Capture compiler size output and map changes to a feature or dependency.
  4. Measure runtime free heap, largest block, stack high-water marks, and reset/ allocation failures under representative load where the framework exposes them.
  5. On AVR, keep literals in flash with F() where appropriate, prefer bounded buffers and fixed-size storage, and avoid unbounded dynamic String use. On ESP32/RP2040, still bound buffers and distinguish heap, stack, flash, and filesystem.
  6. Re-run the stress case after each memory-affecting change and record the tradeoff.

Anti-rationalization

ShortcutResponse
"The datasheet says 520 KB, so memory is fine."Separate usable heap, stacks, reserved regions, and radio/RTOS use.
"It compiled."Inspect size output and exercise runtime allocation paths.
"Make the buffer bigger."Bound the protocol and prove the required maximum.
"Use String everywhere."Check fragmentation and lifetime; use bounded alternatives where needed.
"OTA only needs the application image."Budget both update slots, bootloader, metadata, and rollback image.

Verification

  • Build-size output and runtime memory evidence name the exact target/version.
  • Each budget has a margin and a failure response.
  • Stress tests cover peak message, sensor, logging, radio, and task load as applicable.
  • Optimization does not remove bounds, safety checks, or recovery behavior.

Shared output contract

Use the shared Arduino skill contract: state assumptions, required tools and versions, implementation steps, tests/evidence by proof stage, known limitations, and recovery/security notes.

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