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sxntixgosxntixgo/frugal-skills/skills/debugging/SKILL.md

debugging

Skill0 starsChanged 4 months agoMITView on GitHub

Systematically diagnoses a bug before fixing it — reproduce, isolate, form a root-cause hypothesis, verify it, then fix and confirm. Use when facing a bug, test failure, crash, or unexpected behavior, before proposing a fix.

116 other projects use a version of this.

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Projects with it also use Problem-Solving Techniques, media-processing and 10 more.

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The file

We split this skill into the rules it gives an agent

1 rule. 0 are common, 1 is distinctive, and 0 are very specific to this project.

  • 0

    Common

    Most of the 104 edited versions we read keep these.

  • 1

    Distinctive

    This author's own choices. Worth a look.

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    Very specific

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  • Common
  • Distinctive
  • Very specific
  1. Distinctive:

    Check you didn't break nearby behavior (run the surrounding tests).

    line 53

“Common” is measured: kept by at least 6 in 10 of the 104 edited versions of this file we could read. “Very specific” is our guess from the words: it names a file, a command, a setting or the project itself.

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Files
SKILL.md

Debugging

Find the cause before you change anything. A fix you can't explain is a guess. Work the six steps in order — don't jump to step 5.

Scope

This skill DOES:

  • Reproduce the bug, narrow it to a verified root cause, fix that cause, and confirm the fix with a regression test.

This skill does NOT:

  • Guess-and-check fixes without a reproduction.
  • Patch the symptom while the root cause remains (a symptom mitigation is only OK when it's a deliberate, stated choice).
  • Refactor or "clean up" unrelated code while chasing the bug.

Steps

Surface these as TodoWrite items. Checkpoint repro steps, isolation notes, and the verified cause to ./.claude-skills-work/debugging/<bug>/notes.md so a long hunt resumes.

1. Reproduce ⛔ don't fix what you can't reproduce

Get a reliable repro: exact steps, inputs, environment. If it's intermittent, find what makes it happen. A failing test is the ideal repro — write one if you can. Can't reproduce it? Gather more information first (logs, inputs, versions).

2. Isolate

Narrow WHERE it happens. Binary-search the code path or history (git bisect), add logging/assertions to localize, and find the boundary between working and broken. Reduce to the smallest input/case that still fails.

3. Hypothesize (root cause, not symptom)

State a specific, testable hypothesis about the ROOT cause: "user is undefined because the fetch isn't awaited, so .id reads on a pending promise." Not "add a null check."

4. Verify the cause

Prove the hypothesis BEFORE fixing — a log, assertion, or failing test that confirms the cause is what you think. If it doesn't hold, go back to step 3. Change one variable at a time so you know what's true.

5. Fix the root cause

Make the minimal change that addresses the verified cause, not the symptom. See references/techniques.md for common cause patterns.

6. Confirm

The repro now passes. Add a regression test so the bug can't silently return. Check you didn't break nearby behavior (run the surrounding tests).

Red flags (stop and correct)

If you notice…Do this
Proposing a fix before reproducingReproduce first (step 1)
Fixing on a hunchVerify the cause first (step 4)
Null-guarding / try-catching the symptomFind why it's null/throwing; fix the cause
Changing several things at onceOne variable at a time, or you won't know what fixed it
"It works now" but you don't know whyNot done — understand the cause
Fixed, but no regression testAdd one so it can't come back
Wandering into unrelated refactorsStay on the bug; note other issues separately

Done when

  • The bug is reproduced, and the root cause is identified AND verified (not guessed).
  • The fix addresses that cause; the repro passes and a regression test covers it.
  • You can explain why it broke and why the fix works.

References (load only when needed)

  • references/techniques.md — isolation techniques (bisection, differential debugging), verifying a cause, and common bug patterns (races, state leakage, off-by-one, heisenbugs).

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