cpu-select — heuristic CPU selection (class R, no MCP)

Map an engineering need to a concrete SIMATIC CPU recommendation: family → sub-family/variant → a representative order number (MLFB) → the TIA TypeIdentifier string. Follows the decision logic of the SIMATIC CPU reference (§5) and the §2 hardware guidance of the TIA best-practices baseline (both distilled into CPU-TABLE.md).

This is class R: a deterministic heuristic over the bundled reference table (CPU-TABLE.md). It uses NO MCP tool and does not open TIA. The curated table is a convenience reference, not ground truth — so the recommendation always ends with a flag to resolve the concrete MLFB + firmware with tia_catalog on the target machine; this skill never calls tia_device_create itself (V21 has no catalog tree-browse; only Find by text/order-number).

Errors and reporting

• Uses no MCP tool and needs no serve: if a bundled reference file is missing or the need is ambiguous, say so and state the assumption; never present an unconfirmed value as confirmed.

When to use

• The user describes requirements (I/O channels, scan time, memory, PN/DP ports, safety, redundancy, motion, PC-based) and wants a CPU choice.
• A project-spec needs a CPU typeIdentifier and the user has criteria, not a model.
• Right before spec-validate / scaffold, to fill devices[].typeIdentifier.

Inputs

• The need: any of — digital/analog I/O count, scan-time/performance target, program
  • data memory size, number/type of fieldbus ports (PROFINET, PROFIBUS DP), safety (SIL/PL), redundancy/availability, motion class (basic positioning vs synchronized/cam/kinematics), PC-based/edge, on-board display, budget/engineering tool.
• The bundled reference: CPU-TABLE.md (families, variants, representative MLFBs, the variant-letter decoder, and the decision order).

Outputs

A recommendation containing:

• family — S7-1200 or S7-1500 (with the family rationale).
• model / subFamily — e.g. CPU 1516-3 PN/DP, sub-family letter (none/C/F/T/R/H/S).
• mlfb — a representative order number (e.g. 6ES7 516-3AN02-0AB0).
• firmware — a representative /V<major>.<minor> (e.g. /V2.9) — clearly marked as needing catalog confirmation.
• typeIdentifier — the assembled OrderNumber:<MLFB>/V<fw> string (slash, never :V).
• variant — for S7-1200, the power/output variant (DC/DC/DC vs relay) per the I/O need.
• justification — which criteria selected each axis (cite the decision step).
• resolveNote — always: "Confirm this MLFB + firmware exists with tia_catalog and pass the returned typeIdentifierNormalized to tia_device_create; do not hand-build the string in production."
• capabilityNotes — any gates implied (e.g. relay variant ⇒ no on-board PTO; S7-1200 ⇒ no STL/GRAPH; F-CPU ⇒ safety logic is human-authored/gated, never autonomous).

Procedure (deterministic decision order)

1. Family — S7-1200 vs S7-1500 (CPU-TABLE.md §family):
   • S7-1200 for cost-sensitive serial OEM machines with fixed scope, small/medium I/O, basic PTO motion, STEP 7 Basic budget, compact footprint.
   • S7-1500 for performance/fast scan, large memory (code and data), advanced motion (servo/IRT), heavy diagnostics, many distributed I/O, evolving scope, or when STL/ GRAPH or an on-board display is required.
2. S7-1500 tier & sub-family — apply criteria in order (each narrows the choice): I/O count/address space → scan-time/performance (bit-op time) → memory (program and data; prioritize the data figure if DBs/recipes/trace are large) → communication (1 PN = 1511/1513; 2 PN = 1515; add DP ⇒ -3 PN/DP 1516/1517, -4 1518) → safety (any safety function ⇒ an F CPU) → redundancy (R/H/HF) → motion (synchronized/cam/kinematics ⇒ T/TF) → custom code/edge (MFP/ODK) → PC-based (software 1505S/1507S/1508S or Open Controller).
3. S7-1200 size & variant (CPU-TABLE.md §1200): 1211C/1212C (very small) → 1214C (workhorse) → 1215C (analog out, 2 PN, redundant 24 V) → 1217C (1 MHz differential motion); FC models (1212FC/1214FC/1215FC) for machine safety. Then pick the power/ output variant: DC/DC/DC for transistor/high-speed PTO; AC/DC/Relay or DC/DC/Relay for slow relay switching (no on-board high-speed pulses).
4. Assemble the TypeIdentifier: OrderNumber:<MLFB>/V<fw> — forward slash before V, never :V (known V21 drift bug). Treat MLFB and firmware as independent axes.
5. Always append the resolve note (step output resolveNote) and any capability gates. If the need is ambiguous, state the assumption and offer the closest tier up and down.

Hard guarantees

• No MCP / no TIA. Selection is offline over the bundled table. The only authoritative CPU list at runtime is tia_catalog; this skill recommends a candidate to resolve, it does not instantiate anything.
• Deterministic decision order. Same need → same recommendation, with each axis justified by the cited decision step.
• Resolve before build. Numbers in CPU-TABLE.md drift by catalog generation (every ⚠ in the reference) — the concrete MLFB + firmware must be confirmed against the live installed catalog before tia_device_create (not run by this skill).
• Safety stays gated. Recommending an F-CPU is fine; authoring/modifying/downloading F-logic is never autonomous (IEC 61511, gate G5) — note this whenever an F-CPU is recommended.

See CPU-TABLE.md for the families, the MLFB/variant decoder, representative order numbers, and the full decision criteria.