ABOUTME: Apple platform guide, Swift, SwiftUI, concurrency, testing, performance

ABOUTME: Conventions, strict concurrency rules, MVVM + DI patterns, review checklists

Apple Platform Development

Quick Reference

# Build
xcodebuild -scheme MyApp -sdk iphoneos build
xcodebuild -scheme MyApp -sdk macosx build

# Tests (pick <booted device> from: xcrun simctl list devices | grep Booted)
xcodebuild test -scheme MyApp -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=<booted device>'

# SwiftLint / SPM
swiftlint lint [--fix]
swift build && swift test && swift package resolve

# ast-grep
sg --pattern '@Observable final class $NAME { $$$ }' --lang swift
sg --pattern '@MainActor' --lang swift

See also: _AST_GREP.md, _PATTERNS.md, source-control, references/

Version (determine, don't assume)

See ../_LANG_COMMON.md. Fetch the truth:

swift --version                                 # local toolchain
xcodebuild -version                             # Xcode version
cat .swift-version 2>/dev/null                  # pinned toolchain (if present)
grep -E 'swift-tools-version' Package.swift     # SPM minimum
curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/swiftlang/swift/releases/latest | jq -r .tag_name  # latest upstream

Pre-Commit Verification (MANDATORY)

make check && make test-e2e must pass (enforced by the pre-commit-gate hook; see ../_LANG_COMMON.md). What make check expands to for an Apple project:

swift build                                     # compilation check
swift test                                      # unit tests
swiftlint lint --strict                         # lint (fail on warnings)
swift-format lint --recursive Sources Tests     # formatting check
xcodebuild -scheme MyApp test \
  -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=<booted device>'   # platform tests

Pick <booted device> from xcrun simctl list devices | grep Booted (do not hardcode a simulator model).

SwiftUI

Property Wrappers

View property order: @Environment, let, @State/@Binding, computed, init, body, private methods

View sizing: <100 lines = single view; 100-200 = extract subviews; >200 = multiple files; business logic = @Observable VM; network/DB = repository pattern

For NavigationStack, SwiftData, MVVM, and DI patterns, see references/swiftui-patterns.md.

Concurrency

Common Fixes

When to use what

UI updates run on @MainActor, cross-actor value types are Sendable, and long-running work checks Task.isCancelled: under Swift 6 strict concurrency the first two are compile errors, the third is wasted work that nothing reports.

For MainActor, parallel execution, and actor patterns, see references/concurrency-patterns.md.

Architecture

MVVM with @Observable: @Observable @MainActor final class VM with private(set) properties, injected service protocols, async load methods with defer { isLoading = false }.

DI: Protocol-based with EnvironmentKey for SwiftUI injection.

Coordinator pattern: For flow-heavy apps, lift navigation state out of views into a Coordinator type owning a NavigationPath (or route enum) and exposing intents.

Testing (Swift Testing): @Suite, @Test, #expect. Parameterized with arguments:. Mock via protocol injection. XCTest still valid where needed (UI tests, legacy targets).

For full code examples, see references/swiftui-patterns.md and references/swift6-patterns.md.

Review Checklists

Concurrency: MainActor for UI, Sendable for cross-actor data, task cancellation handled, no data races

SwiftUI: @Observable over ObservableObject where available, NavigationStack over NavigationView, .task over .onAppear + Task, LazyVStack for long lists

Critical: Force unwrap without safety, UI updates off MainActor, data races, retain cycles

Major: Legacy ObservableObject when @Observable fits, NavigationView in new code

Detailed References

• references/swift6-patterns.md - Strict concurrency migration, Sendable, actors, macros
• references/swiftui-patterns.md - NavigationStack, SwiftData, MVVM, dependency injection
• references/concurrency-patterns.md - async/await, TaskGroup, MainActor, actors, AsyncStream
• references/performance.md - Optimization, Instruments profiling, memory management

Official: Swift | SwiftUI | SwiftData

Libraries: TCA | Snapshot Testing | SwiftLint