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JingHao-LeonJingHao-Leon/fde-case-lab/skills/cost-quote/SKILL.md

cost-quote

Skill0 starsChanged 2 months agoMITView on GitHub

非标产品/工程报价的成本模型与校准飞轮——显式成本规则核算 + 人工校准残差回归,报价可解释且随校准样本越滚越准。当用户要"非标报价/估成本/报价依赖老师傅"时使用。

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SKILL.md

Cost Quote · 成本模型与校准飞轮

对应案例:NO.17(非标制造报价 MAPE 58.4%→9.2%)、NO.23(工程租赁报价)。 参考实现:cases/17-quoting-engine/。

何时使用

  • 报价依赖老师傅"看图估",响应慢、因人而异、经验带不走
  • 报高丢单、报低亏钱的利润敏感场景
  • 想把报价能力从个人变成企业资产

流程

  1. 还原人工报价链:跟随老师傅完整走一单(图纸→拆需求→工艺→成本→报价), 记录每步判断依据(案例 17:报价是一条链路,不是一次心算)。
  2. 显式成本模型:材料价×重量 + 标准工时×费率×公差系数 + 表面处理 + 批量折扣 + 管理费率——每个参数外置成"企业规则库",财务/工艺可维护。 这一步就把 MAPE 从经验估法拉下来(58.4%→13.2%)。
  3. 禁止端到端让模型出价:模型只做图纸信息结构化,报价必须回到企业 规则库核算——原案例的核心教训(直接出价对不上真实成本)。
  4. 校准飞轮:规则库输出 → 人工校准 → 修正后价格回填 → 用校准样本拟合 残差回归(岭回归,特征含工艺哑变量/数量^−0.5)。注意最小样本量: k 太小会过拟合,冷启动靠规则库(实测 k=30 时反而不如裸规则库)。
  5. 置信分流:图纸字段置信度低的送人工复核(送审占比 < 50% 达成 "工作量减半"口径)。
  6. 响应提速:从"卡几天"到秒级出初稿 + 人工校准,售前不再卡死。

验收

  • 对真实成本(或人工校准价)的 MAPE 显著低于经验估法
  • 校准样本量与 MAPE 单调改善(飞轮在转的证据)
  • 每个报价附成本明细(可解释、可谈判)

边界

  • 最终对外报价与让利幅度由销售/老板决策
  • 供应商价格波动需要规则库定期维护(模型不替代采购知识)

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