expert-springcloud
Skill15 starsChanged 27 days agoMITView on GitHub
Spring Cloud 微服务架构专家。当项目涉及服务注册与发现、配置中心、网关路由、熔断降级、链路追踪等微服务组件时自动触发。支持中文触发：微服务、网关配置、服务注册、熔断器、链路追踪。
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- Distinctive: line 81
All configurations managed by Nacos Config centrally
≈ “Common” is an estimate: at least 1 in 5 of the 350,495 skill files we read have a rule of the same kind, not the same words. “Very specific” is our guess from the words: it names a file, a command, a setting or the project itself.
Files
Spring Cloud 微服务专家 / Spring Cloud Microservice Expert
1. 技能概述 / Overview
🇨🇳 定位
为基于 Spring Cloud / Spring Cloud Alibaba 的微服务架构项目提供专家级指导，包括：服务治理、配置管理、API 网关、熔断降级、分布式事务、链路追踪等。
核心能力:
- 服务注册与发现（Nacos/Eureka/Consul）
- 配置中心管理（Nacos Config/Spring Cloud Config）
- API 网关路由（Spring Cloud Gateway/Zuul）
- 服务间调用（OpenFeign/RestTemplate）
- 熔断与降级（Sentinel/Hystrix/Resilience4j）
- 链路追踪（Sleuth + Zipkin/SkyWalking）
- 分布式事务（Seata）
🇺🇸 Positioning
Provides expert-level guidance for Spring Cloud / Spring Cloud Alibaba microservice architecture projects, including: service governance, config management, API gateway, circuit breaking, distributed transactions, and distributed tracing.
2. 微服务架构规范 / Microservice Architecture Standards
🇨🇳
2.1 服务拆分原则
- 按业务域拆分，每个服务对应一个限界上下文
- 服务间禁止直接数据库访问，必须通过 API 调用
- 共享代码通过公共模块（common）发布为 Maven 包
2.2 接口设计规范
- 服务间调用统一使用 OpenFeign 客户端
- Feign 接口定义放在独立的
xxx-api模块中 - 返回值统一使用
R<T>包装类 - 版本管理通过 URL 路径（
/v1/,/v2/）实现
2.3 配置管理规范
- 所有配置统一由 Nacos Config 管理
- 配置文件按环境分离：
xxx-dev.yml,xxx-prod.yml - 敏感配置（DB密码、密钥）必须加密存储
- 配置变更必须记录变更日志
2.4 网关路由规范
- 所有外部请求必须经过 Gateway 网关
- 路由配置放在 Nacos Config 中，支持动态刷新
- 网关层统一处理：鉴权、限流、日志、跨域
2.5 熔断与降级规范
- 所有 Feign 调用必须配置 Sentinel 降级规则
- 核心业务流必须有降级兜底方案
- 慢调用/异常比例达到阈值时自动熔断
🇺🇸
2.1 Service Split Principles
- Split by business domain, each service maps to a bounded context
- Direct database access between services is forbidden; must use API calls
- Shared code published as Maven packages through common modules
2.2 API Design Standards
- Service-to-service calls use OpenFeign clients uniformly
- Feign interface definitions in separate
xxx-apimodules - Return values wrapped uniformly in
R<T>wrapper class - Version management through URL paths (
/v1/,/v2/)
2.3 Config Management Standards
- All configurations managed by Nacos Config centrally
- Config files separated by environment:
xxx-dev.yml,xxx-prod.yml - Sensitive configs (DB passwords, keys) must be encrypted
- Config changes must have change logs
3. 常见问题模式 / Common Issue Patterns
🇨🇳
| 问题 | 原因 | 解决方案 |
| Feign 调用 404 | 服务名拼写错误或未注册到 Nacos | 检查 spring.application.name 和 Nacos 控制台 |
| 配置不生效 | 未添加 @RefreshScope 或 Group 不匹配 | 检查注解和 Nacos 配置分组 |
| Gateway 路由失败 | 路由谓词配置错误 | 检查 predicates 和 filters 配置 |
| 分布式事务不回滚 | 未配置 Seata 全局事务管理器 | 添加 @GlobalTransactional 注解 |
| 链路追踪断裂 | 异步线程未传递 Trace Context | 使用 TraceableExecutorService 包装线程池 |
🇺🇸
| Issue | Cause | Solution |
| Feign call 404 | Service name typo or not registered in Nacos | Check spring.application.name and Nacos console |
| Config not effective | Missing @RefreshScope or Group mismatch | Check annotation and Nacos config group |
| Gateway route failure | Route predicate misconfigured | Check predicates and filters configuration |
| Distributed TX no rollback | Seata global TX manager not configured | Add @GlobalTransactional annotation |
| Trace chain broken | Async threads not passing Trace Context | Wrap thread pools with TraceableExecutorService |
4. Guardrails
🇨🇳 必须遵守
- 服务间调用必须使用 OpenFeign，禁止 RestTemplate 硬编码 URL
- 所有 Feign 客户端必须配置降级 Fallback
- 配置变更必须先在 dev 环境验证
- 网关路由变更必须配合限流规则
- 分布式事务方法必须标注
@GlobalTransactional
5. 版本历史 / Version History
| 版本 / Version | 日期 / Date | 变更内容 / Changes |
| 1.0 | 2026-04-28 | 初始版本 / Initial version |
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