Authoring Hermes-Agent Skills (in-repo)

Overview

There are two places a SKILL.md can live:

1. User-local: ~/.hermes/skills/<maybe-category>/<name>/SKILL.md — personal, not shared. Created via skill_manage(action='create').
2. In-repo (this skill is about this case): /home/bb/hermes-agent/skills/<category>/<name>/SKILL.md — committed, shipped with the package. Use write_file + git add. skill_manage(action='create') does NOT target this tree.

When to Use

• User asks you to add a skill "in this branch / repo / commit"
• You're committing a reusable workflow that should ship with hermes-agent
• You're editing an existing skill under /home/bb/hermes-agent/skills/ (use patch for small edits, write_file for rewrites; skill_manage still works for patch on in-repo skills, but not for create)

Required Frontmatter

Source of truth: tools/skill_manager_tool.py::_validate_frontmatter. Hard requirements:

• Starts with --- as the first bytes (no leading blank line).
• Closes with \n---\n before the body.
• Parses as a YAML mapping.
• name field present.
• description field present, ≤ 1024 chars (MAX_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH).
• Non-empty body after the closing ---.

Peer-matched shape used by every skill under skills/software-development/:

---
name: my-skill-name               # lowercase, hyphens, ≤64 chars (MAX_NAME_LENGTH)
description: Use when <trigger>. <one-line behavior>.
version: 1.1.0
author: Hermes Agent
license: MIT
metadata:
  hermes:
    tags: [short, descriptive, tags]
    related_skills: [other-skill, another-skill]
---

version / author / license / metadata are NOT enforced by the validator, but every peer has them — omit and your skill sticks out.

Size Limits

• Description: ≤ 1024 chars (enforced).
• Full SKILL.md: ≤ 100,000 chars (enforced as MAX_SKILL_CONTENT_CHARS, ~36k tokens).
• Peer skills in software-development/ sit at 8-14k chars. Aim for that range. If you're pushing past 20k, split into references/*.md and reference them from SKILL.md.

Writing Quality Principles

A skill exists to make the agent's process more predictable. Predictability does not mean identical output every run; it means the agent reliably follows the same useful discipline.

Use these quality checks when writing or editing any skill:

1. Optimize for process predictability. Ask: what behavior should change when this skill loads? If a line does not change behavior, cut it.
2. Choose the right context load. A model-invoked Hermes skill pays for its description every turn. Keep descriptions focused on trigger classes and the skill's distinctive behavior. Put details in the body or linked references.
3. Use an information hierarchy. Put always-needed steps in SKILL.md; put branch-specific or bulky reference material in references/, templates/, or scripts/ and point to it only when needed.
4. End steps with completion criteria. Each ordered step should say how the agent knows it is done. Good criteria are checkable and, when it matters, exhaustive: "every modified file accounted for" beats "summarize changes."
5. Co-locate rules with the concept they govern. Avoid scattering one idea across the file. Keep definition, caveats, examples, and verification near each other.
6. Use strong leading words. Prefer compact concepts the model already knows — e.g. "tight loop," "tracer bullet," "root cause," "regression test" — over long repeated explanations. A good leading word saves tokens and anchors behavior.
7. Prune duplication and no-ops. Keep each meaning in one source of truth. Sentence by sentence, ask whether the sentence changes agent behavior versus the default. If not, delete it rather than polishing it.
8. Watch for premature completion. If agents tend to rush a step, first sharpen that step's completion criterion. Split the sequence only when later steps distract from doing the current step well.

Common quality failures:

• Premature completion — the skill lets the agent move on before the work is genuinely done.
• Duplication — the same rule appears in multiple places and drifts.
• Sediment — stale lines remain because adding felt safer than deleting.
• Sprawl — too much always-visible material; push branch-specific reference behind pointers.
• No-op prose — generic advice the agent would already follow without the skill.

Peer-Matched Structure

Every in-repo skill follows roughly:

# <Title>

## Overview
One or two paragraphs: what and why.

## When to Use
- Bulleted triggers
- "Don't use for:" counter-triggers

## <Topic sections specific to the skill>
- Quick-reference tables are common
- Code blocks with exact commands
- Hermes-specific recipes (tests via scripts/run_tests.sh, ui-tui paths, etc.)

## Common Pitfalls
Numbered list of mistakes and their fixes.

## Verification Checklist
- [ ] Checkbox list of post-action verifications

## One-Shot Recipes (optional)
Named scenarios → concrete command sequences.

Not every section is mandatory, but Overview + When to Use + actionable body + pitfalls are the minimum for the skill to feel like a peer.

Directory Placement

skills/<category>/<skill-name>/SKILL.md

Categories currently in repo (confirm with ls skills/): autonomous-ai-agents, creative, data-science, devops, dogfood, email, gaming, github, leisure, mcp, media, mlops/*, note-taking, productivity, red-teaming, research, smart-home, social-media, software-development.

Pick the closest existing category. Don't invent new top-level categories casually.

Workflow

1. Survey peers in the target category:

   ls skills/<category>/

   Read 2-3 peer SKILL.md files to match tone and structure.
2. Check validator constraints in tools/skill_manager_tool.py if unsure.
3. Draft with write_file to skills/<category>/<name>/SKILL.md.
4. Validate locally:

   import yaml, re, pathlib
   content = pathlib.Path("skills/<category>/<name>/SKILL.md").read_text()
   assert content.startswith("---")
   m = re.search(r'\n---\s*\n', content[3:])
   fm = yaml.safe_load(content[3:m.start()+3])
   assert "name" in fm and "description" in fm
   assert len(fm["description"]) <= 1024
   assert len(content) <= 100_000

5. Git add + commit on the active branch.
6. Note: the CURRENT session's skill loader is cached — skill_view / skills_list will not see the new skill until a new session. This is expected, not a bug.

Cross-Referencing Other Skills

metadata.hermes.related_skills unions both trees (skills/ in-repo and ~/.hermes/skills/) at load time. You CAN reference a user-local skill from an in-repo skill, but it won't resolve for other users who clone the repo fresh. Prefer referencing only in-repo skills from in-repo skills. If a frequently-referenced skill lives only in ~/.hermes/skills/, consider promoting it to the repo.

Editing Existing In-Repo Skills

• Small fix (typo, added pitfall, tightened trigger): skill_manage(action='patch', name=..., old_string=..., new_string=...) works fine on in-repo skills.
• Major rewrite: write_file the whole SKILL.md. skill_manage(action='edit') also works but requires supplying the full new content.
• Adding supporting files: write_file to skills/<category>/<name>/references/<file>.md, templates/<file>, or scripts/<file>. skill_manage(action='write_file') also works and enforces the references/templates/scripts/assets subdir allowlist.
• Always commit the edit — in-repo skills are source, not runtime state.

Common Pitfalls

1. Using skill_manage(action='create') for an in-repo skill. It writes to ~/.hermes/skills/, not the repo tree. Use write_file for in-repo creation.
2. Leading whitespace before ---. The validator checks content.startswith("---"); any leading blank line or BOM fails validation.
3. Description too generic. Peer descriptions start with "Use when ..." and describe the trigger class, not the one task. "Use when debugging X" > "Debug X".
4. Forgetting the author/license/metadata block. Not validator-enforced, but every peer has it; omitting makes the skill look half-finished.
5. Writing a skill that duplicates a peer. Before creating, ls skills/<category>/ and open 2-3 peers. Prefer extending an existing skill to creating a narrow sibling.
6. Expecting the current session to see the new skill. It won't. The skill loader is initialized at session start. Verify in a fresh session or via skill_view using the exact path.
7. Letting skills accumulate sediment. A skill should get shorter or sharper over time. When adding a rule, remove the old wording it replaces; don't layer advice forever.
8. Writing no-op prose. "Be careful," "be thorough," and "use best practices" rarely change model behavior. Replace with a checkable completion criterion or a stronger leading word.
9. Linking to skills that don't exist in-repo. related_skills: [some-user-local-skill] works for you but breaks for other clones. Prefer only in-repo links.

Verification Checklist

• File is at skills/<category>/<name>/SKILL.md (not in ~/.hermes/skills/)
• Frontmatter starts at byte 0 with ---, closes with \n---\n
• name, description, version, author, license, metadata.hermes.{tags, related_skills} all present
• Name ≤ 64 chars, lowercase + hyphens
• Description ≤ 1024 chars and starts with "Use when ..."
• Total file ≤ 100,000 chars (aim for 8-15k)
• Structure: # Title → ## Overview → ## When to Use → body → ## Common Pitfalls → ## Verification Checklist
• Each ordered step has a checkable completion criterion
• Description is trigger-focused and avoids duplicated body content
• Bulky or branch-specific reference is progressively disclosed in linked files
• No-op prose and duplicated rules removed
• related_skills references resolve in-repo (or are explicitly OK to be user-local)
• git add skills/<category>/<name>/ && git commit completed on the intended branch