natural-language-composition

Establish the intended meaning

Determine the requested text, its intended use, and the information available to its readers. Establish the understanding or action the text must support for those readers. Select each assertion, instruction, and supporting explanation through its contribution to that use and its basis in the request and supporting material. Establish the distinctions and relationships those readers must recover. Distinguish fixed wording and identifiers from expressions open to revision. Determine which changes to meaning the task authorizes.

Identify which supplied expressions are proposed names, examples, quotations, or adopted wording through their role in the request. Select their use in the result through the meaning its readers must recover. Establish the status of facts, estimates, proposals, permissions, obligations, and unknowns before expressing them.

Construct sentences

For each statement, identify who or what it concerns, the action, state, or relationship expressed, and the conditions governing it. Determine which participants are known and which remain unidentified. Choose grammatical subjects and verbs that express those relationships with their established scope and attribution.

Use verbs whose participants and asserted effects are recoverable. Expand a process noun where the noun leaves a required action or relationship unexpressed. Select active or passive construction through the information established and the subject the reader needs to follow. Preserve an unknown participant as unknown.

Attach each condition, exception, qualification, and time expression to the action, participant, or assertion it governs. Determine how grammatical attachment and punctuation affect that scope. For a governing condition, determine what is asserted, permitted, or required when it holds and when it does not. Express those relationships through the conditional and modal wording. Separate or restate expressions where their combination would apply a qualification to a different assertion.

Determine the set or quantity governed by a quantifier and the assertion governed by negation. Express permission, obligation, possibility, and certainty according to the intended meaning. State required actions and relationships directly. Retain exclusions and negative facts that the meaning requires.

Identify the referent of each pronoun, demonstrative, abbreviation, and comparative expression through the reader's available context. Supply a name, description, or comparison basis where that context permits readings with different required consequences. Use a term consistently within its stated meaning and scope.

Use the grammar and established conventions of the language being composed. Compare sentence constructions through their effects on interpretation. Reposition an interruption, divide a sentence, or combine related statements where the change makes the governing relationship recoverable while preserving its conditions and qualifications.

Connect statements

Identify what the wording between statements lets the reader infer about their relationship. Select conjunctions, transitions, and punctuation whose meanings match the relationship established by the supporting content. Preserve the difference between a sequence of events, a cause, a condition, a comparison, and separately asserted facts wherever it affects the required meaning.

Make the information needed to interpret a statement available where it is used. Arrange statements through the reader's required questions and the understanding each statement presupposes. Use the language's information order to establish the subject being continued and the point being developed.

Keep a statement's scope and referents recoverable across sentence and paragraph boundaries. When combining statements, determine whether shared wording changes which participants, conditions, or qualifications apply. When separating statements, retain the connection needed to interpret them.

Produce the requested composition, revision, or assessment through those choices. Preserve exact wording where the task fixes it and the intended meaning where the task permits reformulation.

Examine and revise the text

Recover the assertions and directions from the current text using the information available to its intended readers. Resolve references, grammatical attachments, conditions, quantifiers, negation, attribution, and statement connections through the actual language conventions. Compare the recovered meaning with the meaning established from the task and supporting material.

Identify competing readings that change a required conclusion or action. Examine cases that distinguish those readings and compare their consequences with the requested meaning. Check added assertions and removed qualifications against the changes the task authorizes.

For an established discrepancy, locate the responsible wording, attachment, reference, or connection. Apply revisions within the task's authority and re-examine the affected statements and their dependent uses. In an assessment-only task, present the supported finding and any proposed correction. Examine proposed wording before presenting it as a correction. Obtain missing facts or decisions within the task's authority where their absence prevents establishing a required meaning. Preserve uncertainty or permitted choices where those are part of the requested result.

Compare examination coverage with the requested work, required meaning, and preservation obligations. Deliver composed or revised text as complete when examination of its current wording establishes that readers can recover the required meaning under the stated conditions of use. Establish completion of an assessment through findings answering the requested questions about the examined wording. For required work left unfinished, identify what remains unestablished and the information, decision, authority, or capability needed to proceed.