🌐 网站安全扫描 SKILL

A structured, production-ready website security scanning skill.

Supports:

• Passive scanning (safe, default)
• Active scanning (requires explicit user permission)

⚠️ Mode

Passive (default)

Safe checks only:

• Headers
• TLS/SSL
• DNS
• Cookies
• CORS

Active (optional)

Requires explicit user confirmation:

Includes:

• Path probing
• Basic vulnerability probing (XSS, SQLi indicators)
• Exposure detection

🧠 Pipeline

Step 1: Normalize Target

• Ensure valid URL
• Add scheme if missing (default https)

Step 2: Fetch Basic Info

• HTTP status
• Redirect chain
• Server info

Step 3: TLS / HTTPS Analysis

• Certificate validity
• Expiration
• Protocol version
• Weak ciphers

Step 4: Security Headers

Check presence and correctness:

• Strict-Transport-Security
• Content-Security-Policy
• X-Frame-Options
• X-Content-Type-Options
• Referrer-Policy
• Permissions-Policy

Step 5: Cookie Security

Check:

• HttpOnly
• Secure
• SameSite

Step 6: DNS & Email Security

Check:

• SPF
• DKIM
• DMARC

Step 7: CORS Policy

• Wildcard origins
• Credentials allowed

Step 8: JS & Dependency Risk

• Identify JS libraries
• Detect outdated/vulnerable versions (if possible)

Step 9: Sensitive Exposure

Check common paths:

• /.git
• /.env
• /admin
• /backup
• /config

Step 10: Subdomain Risk (basic)

• Detect possible takeover indicators
• Dangling DNS records

Step 11: (Optional Active Scan)

Only if user अनुमति:

• Simple payload injection (non-destructive)
• Basic fuzzing on common parameters

⚙️ Error Handling

• Timeout → retry 2 times
• 403/blocked → fallback to passive-only
• DNS failure → skip DNS checks
• SSL failure → report but continue

📊 Output Format (STRICT)

Return JSON only:

{
  "target": "example.com",
  "mode": "passive",
  "score": 0-100,
  "summary": "Short human-readable summary",
  "issues": [
    {
      "type": "missing_header",
      "name": "Content-Security-Policy",
      "severity": "high",
      "evidence": "Header not present",
      "impact": "Increased risk of XSS attacks",
      "fix": "Add a strict CSP header"
    }
  ],
  "attack_chain": [
    "Missing CSP → XSS possible → session hijack"
  ],
  "compliance": {
    "owasp_top_10": ["A5: Security Misconfiguration"]
  }
}


## 检查清单

### 1. HTTP 安全响应头

```bash
curl -sI https://example.com/

必须包含：

2. CSP 模板（Nginx）

# 用变量避免单行过长导致 HTTP/2 协议错误
set $csp "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; img-src 'self' data: blob:; connect-src 'self' https://api.example.com; font-src 'self' data:; frame-ancestors 'self';";
add_header Content-Security-Policy $csp always;

注意事项：

• CSP 值必须用 Nginx set 变量，不能直接写在 add_header 长字符串中（会触发 HTTP/2 ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR）
• connect-src 必须包含后端 API 域名和所有外部请求域名（如 CDN、图标服务等）
• 新增外部域名时需同步更新 CSP

3. CORS 验证

# 测试恶意域名是否被允许（应该被拒绝）
curl -sI -X OPTIONS \
  -H "Origin: https://evil.com" \
  -H "Access-Control-Request-Method: POST" \
  https://api.example.com/login

# 测试合法域名（应该返回 access-control-allow-origin）
curl -sI -X OPTIONS \
  -H "Origin: https://example.com" \
  -H "Access-Control-Request-Method: POST" \
  https://api.example.com/login

判断标准：

• 恶意域名：应返回 400/403 或无 access-control-allow-origin 头
• 合法域名：应返回 access-control-allow-origin: https://example.com
• origins = ["*"] + allow_credentials=True 是最危险的组合，必须禁止

4. 敏感文件暴露检查

curl -sI https://example.com/.env           # 应返回 404
curl -sI https://example.com/.git/config    # 应返回 404
curl -sI https://example.com/assets/index.js.map  # Source Map 应返回 404
curl -sI https://example.com/assets/        # 目录列表应返回 403

5. 前端代码安全检查

# 搜索 XSS 风险点
grep -rn "v-html\|innerHTML\|document\.write" src/

# 搜索 Token 存储方式
grep -rn "localStorage\|sessionStorage" src/

# 搜索外部请求
grep -rn "window\.open\|eval(\|new Function" src/

6. 本地开发 CORS 解决方案

不要在 VITE_API_URL 写完整 URL，改为相对路径走 Vite 代理：

# .env.development
VITE_API_URL = /api/admin/                          # 相对路径
VITE_API_PROXY_URL = https://api.example.com         # 代理目标

原理：浏览器 → localhost（同源） → Vite 代理 → 生产 API（服务端转发无 CORS）

修复模板

Nginx 安全头（一次性配置）

server {
    # ... SSL 配置 ...

    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000";
    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
    add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-when-cross-origin" always;
    set $csp "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; img-src 'self' data: blob:; connect-src 'self' https://api.example.com; font-src 'self' data:; frame-ancestors 'self';";
    add_header Content-Security-Policy $csp always;

    # ... 其他配置 ...
}

FastAPI CORS 修复

def _build_origins():
    """从配置读取 CORS 域名，不硬编码"""
    origins = []
    admin_domain = getattr(settings, 'ADMIN_DOMAIN', '') or ''
    if admin_domain:
        origins.append(admin_domain)
    if settings.ENV == EnvEnum.LOCAL:
        origins.extend(['http://localhost:3000', 'http://localhost:5173'])
    if not origins:
        origins = ['https://your-production-domain.com']
    return origins

origins = _build_origins()
app.add_middleware(
    CORSMiddleware,
    allow_origins=origins,
    allow_credentials=True,
    allow_methods=["*"],
    allow_headers=["*"],
)

{
  "target": "example.com",
  "score": 72,
  "issues": [
    {
      "type": "missing_header",
      "name": "X-Frame-Options",
      "severity": "medium",
      "evidence": "...",
      "fix": "Add header ..."
    }
  ]
}

常见踩坑